Automated PLE Science Exam Paper Generator

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Saanen / Toggenburg / Alpine / Anglo-Nubian (b) Mohair (c) Accept any two of: - Goats require less pasture, care, and attention than cattle - Goats require less space and can be kept on small pieces of land - Goats reproduce and multiply faster than cattle (shorter gestation period) - Goats have lower water requirements and survive better in harsh dry areas - Cheaper to buy and maintain with quicker financial turnover

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Cognitive Level: Knowledge & Comprehension (K & C).

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Identical twins are formed from one ovum fertilized by one sperm cell which later splits, while fraternal twins are formed from two separate ova fertilized by two different sperm cells. (b) 1. They are always of the same sex. 2. They look exactly alike (have identical features).

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) To prevent the sow from rolling over and crushing her piglets to death. (b) To allow urine and droppings to fall through so the floor stays dry, preventing foot rot. (c) (i) Drenching / Deworming (ii) Hand spraying / vaccination / hoof trimming.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Standard 4-mark UNEB livestock question.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) (i) Biceps (ii) Triceps [2 marks - Reject: Flexors / Extensors] (b) Muscles produce movement and locomotion // Cardiac muscles pump blood // Diaphragm/intercostal muscles aid breathing // Sphincter muscles control urine release [1 mark] (c) Prevents bone deformities // Prevents backaches, neck, and chest pains // Aids proper food digestion // Helps internal organs function properly [1 mark]

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: In part (a), candidates who write 'flexors and extensors' score 0. Examiners require the proper anatomical names: Biceps and Triceps.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Humerus [1 mark] (b) (i) Cord: Biceps muscle [1 mark] (ii) Rubber band: Triceps muscle [1 mark] (c) Elbow joint [1 mark]

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: This is a classic UNEB question. The cord pulls and shortens just like the biceps during flexion, while the rubber band stretches like the triceps.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Afforestation is the massive planting of trees in an area where there have never been trees before. (b) (i) To get land for farming and settlement (ii) To get wood fuel (firewood and charcoal) and timber. (c) Tree roots that absorb excess rainwater are destroyed, and bare soil easily allows rapid surface runoff into rivers and lakes.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Mark strictly on environmental cause-and-effect.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Static electricity consists of electric charges at rest on a surface, whereas current electricity is the continuous flow of charges (electrons) through a conductor. (b) By rubbing the plastic ruler vigorously with a dry cloth (or dry hair), causing transfer of electrons through friction. (c) 1. Installing a functional lightning conductor with sharp copper spikes. 2. Ensuring the earth wire of the arrestor is deeply grounded in moist soil.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: State that charges in current electricity are in continuous motion.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Saliva (b) Accept any two of: - Chewing / masticating food into small pieces - Softening and moistening food with saliva - Lubricating food to ease swallowing - Rolling food into a bolus by the tongue (c) Constipation

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Cognitive Level: Knowledge & Comprehension (K & C).

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Dehydration (loss of water and essential mineral salts). (b) Any two of: Sunken eyes, dry lips, pale skin that does not snap back when pinched, or extreme body weakness. (c) Administering Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) or extra fluids like coconut water.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) A physical change does not take place in living things and is reversible, whereas a biological change takes place exclusively in living organisms and is irreversible. (b) (i) Melting (ii) Evaporation / Boiling (c) Evaporation

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Clear distinction in reversibility and living vs non-living matter.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Dry banana peelings (or dry bean plant leaves). (b) Filtration (followed by evaporation/crystallization to get solid crystals). (c) Any two of: Used to soften/tenderize food (like dry beans) during cooking. Used as a food preservative for meat and fish. Used as a pesticide. Used as local medicine to cure minor stomach upsets.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Chemical change (b) Physical change (c) Biological change (d) Physical change

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Cognitive Level: Comprehension (C). Exactly 1 mark per correct classification.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Bronchus (plural: bronchi) (b) To keep the trachea open and prevent it from collapsing when air pressure drops (c) (i) Diaphragm: Contracts and flattens downward (ii) Volume of chest cavity: Increases

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Cognitive Level: Knowledge & Comprehension (K & C).

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Accept any two of: - High environmental temperature / dry hot weather - High fever - Direct injury or physical blow / punch to the nose - Nose picking (damaging delicate blood vessels) - Rupture of delicate blood capillaries due to high blood pressure (b) Accept any two of: - Pinching the soft part of the nose firmly for 5 to 10 minutes - Applying a cold compress or ice pack over the bridge of the nose - Leaning the head slightly forward (never backward, to prevent swallowing blood) - Loosening tight clothing around the neck and chest

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Cognitive Level: Application (A).

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Because they are recovering from illness and their damaged body tissues need repair and rebuilding. (b) Proteins (and vitamins). (c) It adds bulk to food and stimulates peristalsis to prevent constipation. (d) Sukuma wiki / Cabbage / Whole grain cereals / Unpeeled fruits.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Award full marks for precise physiological explanations.