Automated PLE Science Exam Paper Generator

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) An ordinary pit latrine requires a tight-fitting lid over its drop hole, whereas a VIP latrine must be left open without a lid at all times. (b) Wood ash (or soil/lime) is sprinkled over the feces. Its role is to dehydrate the waste, neutralize smells, and raise pH to destroy pathogens. (c) Never throw hard materials (like stones, pads, or newspapers) into the bowl to prevent blockage. TOPIC 12: THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Silting is the deposition and accumulation of eroded soil particles into water bodies. (b) Soil erosion (triggered by cultivating or overgrazing near river banks). (c) Any one of: Blocks the oxygen supply to aquatic animals. Destroys aquatic habitats and breeding grounds. Exposes fish to predators due to cloudy/turbid water.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) A fracture is a broken or cracked bone in the body. [1 mark] (b) In a simple fracture, the broken bone remains inside unbroken skin; in a compound fracture, the broken bone tears through muscle and pierces outside through the skin. [1 mark] (c) (i) Splints: Immobilize and hold the broken bone in one fixed position to prevent movement. [1 mark] (ii) Arm sling: Supports, immobilizes, and elevates a fractured or injured arm. [1 mark]

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: In (a), writing 'a broken bone' without mentioning 'cracked' loses precision. In (c)(i), 'keeps bone in one position' is the official mark-earning phrase.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Steam (or hot water droplets). (b) A scald. (c) Immediately dip/place the injured arm in clean cold water. (d) Any one of: Use insulators/holder cloths to remove covers, avoid playing near cooking stoves, or cook from a raised place.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Because they are recovering from illness and their damaged body tissues need repair and rebuilding. (b) Proteins (and vitamins). (c) It adds bulk to food and stimulates peristalsis to prevent constipation. (d) Sukuma wiki / Cabbage / Whole grain cereals / Unpeeled fruits.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Award full marks for precise physiological explanations.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) (i) Biceps (ii) Triceps [2 marks - Reject: Flexors / Extensors] (b) Muscles produce movement and locomotion // Cardiac muscles pump blood // Diaphragm/intercostal muscles aid breathing // Sphincter muscles control urine release [1 mark] (c) Prevents bone deformities // Prevents backaches, neck, and chest pains // Aids proper food digestion // Helps internal organs function properly [1 mark]

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: In part (a), candidates who write 'flexors and extensors' score 0. Examiners require the proper anatomical names: Biceps and Triceps.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) A short circuit is an accidental direct connection between live and neutral wires with near-zero resistance, resulting in dangerously high current flow. (b) 1. Frayed, worn-out, or damaged insulation on cables. 2. Overloading multi-plug sockets with heavy appliances. (c) Ordinary water contains dissolved minerals and is a good electrical conductor, which will shock and electrocute anyone attempting to put out the fire.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Never use water on electrical fires—use dry powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) To suck out foul odours from the pit and expel them high into the air. (b) To trap flies so they cannot escape and spread disease germs. (c) (i) Wind blowing across the top of the vent pipe draws out smelly gases continuously (ii) The latrine interior is kept dark, forcing air currents up the pipe.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Classic 4-mark UNEB sanitation question.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(i) Sorting: Separates clothes by color to prevent staining, and by texture/dirtiness to protect delicate fabrics. (ii) Soaking: Softens and dissolves stubborn dried dirt and stains, making scrub-washing easier.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Afforestation is the massive planting of trees in an area where there have never been trees before. (b) (i) To get land for farming and settlement (ii) To get wood fuel (firewood and charcoal) and timber. (c) Tree roots that absorb excess rainwater are destroyed, and bare soil easily allows rapid surface runoff into rivers and lakes.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Mark strictly on environmental cause-and-effect.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Dehydration (loss of water and essential mineral salts). (b) Any two of: Sunken eyes, dry lips, pale skin that does not snap back when pinched, or extreme body weakness. (c) Administering Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) or extra fluids like coconut water.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Social insects. (b) Some insects are eaten as food (grasshoppers), some pollinate crops, or some provide honey and wax (honeybees). (c) Any two of: Bush burning, Deforestation, Spraying chemical pesticides, or Swarm/wetland drainage.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) The first yellowish breast milk produced by a mother during the first few days after giving birth. (b) (i) Rich in maternal antibodies that provide immediate passive immunity against infections (ii) Acts as a mild laxative to clear meconium from intestines. (c) Goitre.

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Standard 4-mark UNEB question on infant health.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) (i) Guitar, Lyre, Bow harp ("Adungu"), Violin, or Banjo. (ii) Drum, Long drum, Bell, Xylophone, or Thumb piano. (b) Mechanical method (e.g., physical grooves), Magnetic method (tapes), Electromagnetic method, or Digital recording.

✅ Official UNEB Section B Scoring Guide (Total: 4 Marks):

(a) Any two: Tendons, Ligaments, Cartilage. [1 mark] (b) A tendon attaches muscle to bone, whereas a ligament joins bone to bone at a joint. [1 mark] (c) (i) Synovial fluid lubricates the articulating bone surfaces. (ii) Smooth articular cartilage cushions bone ends and prevents direct bone-to-bone contact. [2 marks]

💡 Examiner Deduction Warning: Use the mnemonic BLB (Bone-Ligament-Bone) and MTB (Muscle-Tendon-Bone) to prevent reversing definitions in part (b).