What is the underlying motto of Primary Health Care?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
The founding motto of PHC is that preventing diseases through sanitation and immunisation is much cheaper and more effective than curative hospital treatment.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 2 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
What does the letter 'S' stand for in the ELEMENTS mnemonic of PHC?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
S stands for Safe water supply and basic sanitation, including latrine use and clean water protection.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 3 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
Why is a tip-tap (leaky tin) operated using a foot string instead of hands?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
Foot pedal operation ensures the user does not touch the water container with newly washed hands, breaking the germ transmission cycle.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 4 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
What is the minimum recommended safe distance between a pit latrine and a kitchen in a homestead?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
A latrine should be situated at least 10 metres away from the kitchen to prevent houseflies from transferring faecal bacteria onto food.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 5 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
Which of the following is a primary duty of a Village Health Team (VHT) member?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
VHTs mobilise communities for immunisation and treat uncomplicated malaria, diarrhea, and minor illnesses at the village level.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 6 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
How does a raised dish drying rack ensure clean eating utensils?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
Sunlight sterilises plates with ultraviolet radiation, and raising the rack 1 metre above ground stops dust and animal contamination.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 7 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
Why is a Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) latrine fitted with a wire mesh screen at the top of the vent pipe?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
Flies attracted down the pit fly up towards the light at the top of the vent pipe, where the wire gauze screen traps them until they die.
P.5 • Topic 12 Question 8 of 8
1 Mark • UNEB Standard
Which of the following is a role of an individual in promoting Primary Health Care?
💡 UNEB Examiner Insight & Textbook Rationale
Individual roles in PHC centre on personal hygiene, boiling drinking water, latrine use, and sleeping under treated mosquito nets.
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